1964
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IBM introduces the
System 360 and the 8-bit byte.
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1965
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DEC unveils the PDP-8, the
first commercially successful minicomputer, small enough to fit on a
desk.
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1966
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ARPA network program is
started and Honeywell introduces the DDP-516 minicomputer.
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1967
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John van Geen of the Stanford
Research Institute (SRI) introduces an acoustically coupled modem
receiver that can reliably detect bits of data amid the hiss heard over
long-distance telephone connections.
|
1968
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The ILLIAC IV, the largest
computer of its time, was being built at Burroughs under a NASA
contract. ILLIAC IV will be hooked into ARPANET so that remote
scientists can have access to it.
|
1969
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The first host-to-host
conection, from UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) to SRI, is
made on October 25.
|
1970
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Nodes are added to the ARPANET
at a rate of one per month and the intial host-to-host protocol, called
the Network Control Protocol (NCP) is finished by the Network
Working Group.
|
1971
|
The ARPANET begins the year
with 14 nodes in operation. The Network Working Group
compketes the Telnet protocol and makes progress on the file transfer
protocol (FTP).
|
1972
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Ray Tomlinson writes a program
to enable electronic mail to be sent over ARPANET.
|
1973
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30 institutions are now
connected to ARPANET. ARPA now becomes DARPA with the D standing
for Defense. A statelite connection is established enabling
communications to Norway and the United Kingdom.
|
1974
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Ethernet, created by Bob
Metcalfe at Xerox PARC, is demonstrated.
|
1975
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ARPANET has now gown to 61
nodes and the administration is turned over to the Defense
Communications Agency (DCA).
|
1976
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CRAY-1, the first
vector-processor supercomputer, is introduced.
|
1977
|
Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs
annouce the Apple II computer. Also introduced are the Tandy
TRS-80 and the Commodore Pet. These three off-the-shelf computers
create the consumer and small business markets for computers.
|
1978
|
The ARPANET experiment is
formally complete.
|
1979
|
USENET, an early example of a
client server where users dial in to a server with requests to forward
postings to specific newsgroups, is created.
|
1980
|
IBM selects the disk operating
system DOS, developed by Microsoft, to operate its planned PC.
|
1981
|
The first portable computer is
introduced in the form of the Osborne, a 24-pound suitcase-sized device.
|
1982
|
Time magazine names the
computer as its Man of the Year.
|
1983
|
The Department Communications
Agency decides to split the network into a public ARPANET and a
classified MILNET, with only 45 hosts remaining on the ARPANET.
|
1984
|
In January, Apple introduces
the Macintosh, its user friendly interface greatly increases the number
of computer users. Also, the newly developed DNS (Domain Name
System) is instituted across the Internet,with the now familiar domains
of .gov, .mil, .edu, .org, .net, and .com.
|
1985
|
At the end of the year, the
number of hosts on the Internet has increased to 2,000.
|
1986
|
The National Science
Foundation (NFS) centers are connected via a 56Kbps backbone.
This interconnection leads to the creation of a number of regional
network which leads to a dramatic increase of nodes on the Internet.
|
1987
|
At the end of the year, the
number of hosts on the Internet is nearly 30,000.
|
1988
|
The NFS completes upgrade of
the 56Kbps backbone to T1 and the Internet starts to become more
international with the connection of Canada, Denmark, Finland, France,
Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
|
1989
|
The number of Internet hosts
increases to over 160,000 and Australia, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan,
Mexico, Netherlands, and New Zealand join the Internet.
|
1990
|
ARPANET formally shuts
down. The Internet has grown to over 300,000 hosts and nolw
includes Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Greece, India,
Ireland, South Korea, Spain, and Switzerland.
|
1991
|
NSF lifts all restrictions on
comercial Internet use and now over 100 countries are connnected with
over 600,000 hosts.
|
1992
|
The Internet Society (ISOC) is
established to guide the Internet and MOSAIC is develeped, the first
graphic Internet browser.
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