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Franklin High School > Departments and Faculty > Science

Science Course Offerings

Science Department Course Offerings

The Science Department offers a variety of courses in the biological, earth, and physical sciences. The science program is structured to provide students of all abilities the opportunity to experience four years of science. Upon completion of the science program, students will understand interconnections among the physical, biological, and social worlds. These understandings will enable our students to achieve an increasingly comprehensive and reliable understanding of the human species and its environment. Students develop awareness of the natural world by: observing, critical thinking, experimenting, and validating. Mathematical skills and knowledge are required to some degree in all science courses. Students should be careful to select science courses that align with their proficiency in mathematics.

The Science Department takes primary responsibility for the following Franklin High School academic expectations for student learning:
(Students will) analyze and solve problems effectively by:
· Utilizing thinking skills and reasoning strategies
· Creating, testing, and justifying solutions and conclusions

Earth Science 316 Honors Grades 9, 10
Full Year 5.0 Credits
Earth Science Honors serves as an introduction to the study of the Earth, its history, its changes over time, and its place in the universe. The course explores four major disciplines: geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy. Through a variety of methods, including laboratory activities, multimedia presentations, and independent long term projects students will learn about Matter and Energy in the Earth System, Earth’s Sources of Energy, Earth’s Processes and Cycles, and The Origin and Evolution of the Universe. Students will be assessed on daily homework, notebooks, tests, quizzes, laboratory activities, and long-term independent projects.

Prerequisite: Students in Grade 10 refer to information and requirements on page six.

Earth Science 317 College Preparatory Grades 9, 10
Full Year 5.0 Credits
Earth Science College Preparatory serves as an introduction to the study of the Earth, its history, its changes over time, and its place in the universe. The course explores four major disciplines: geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy. Through a variety of methods, including laboratory activities, multimedia presentations, and short projects students will learn about Matter and Energy in the Earth System, Earth’s Sources of Energy, Earth’s Processes and Cycles, and The Origin and Evolution of the Universe. Students will be assessed on daily homework, notebooks, tests, quizzes, laboratory activities, and short-term projects.

Biology 321 Honors Grades 9, 10
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Biology Honors serves as an introduction to the concepts crucial to life on Earth. Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Molecular and Medelian Genetics, Classification, Evolution and Diversity, and Ecology are the main topics covered in this year-long course. Through a combination of lectures, experiments, multi-media presentations, and longitudinal projects students gain an understanding into the complexity and wonder of life. Utilization of this material will allow the student to understand, analyze, and make critical decisions about modern biological issues. Student projects will be carried out during the year affording students an opportunity to demonstrate an understanding of concepts illuminated throughout the course. Success in Honors Biology is highly dependent on strong language ability.
Enrollment guidelines: A minimum grade of B+ in Grade 8 science and English.

Biology 322 College Preparatory Grades 10, 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Biology CP provides students with an introduction to the various ideas key to the understanding of modern Biology. Basic Chemistry, Cells, Genetics, Evolution, and Ecology are the major concepts of this introductory course. Each concept is presented in various formats including multi-media, discussion groups, and lectures. Students demonstrate their understanding of biologic concepts through self-directed investigations, topic presentations, and laboratory experiments. This foundation of learning will provide students with the information necessary to understand such modern biological issues as acid rain, hazardous wastes, disease control, cloning, and pollution.

Biology 323 Standard Grade 10, 11
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Biology Standard is an interesting, understandable, and practical approach to the study of living things. The student’s everyday experiences coupled with classroom projects and activities are the contexts in which students learn about basic chemistry, cells, genetics, evolution, and ecology. A readable text, review booklet, and laboratory exercises are employed as instructional tools. Students are required to do homework and projects outside of class time

Chemistry Overview: The chemical nature of matter, , use of the Periodic Table, introductory atomic structure, chemical bonds, radioactivity, introductory stoichiometry, and chemical nomenclature, thermochemistry, and kinetic molecular theory are the major topics explored in the following courses. The laboratory experience directly supports the concepts introduced in the classroom. The language of chemistry is incorporated in class discussion and laboratory experiences.

Upon completion of any of the chemistry courses students will be able to describe the atomic nature of matter, apply their knowledge of atomic structure to predict chemical bond formation, write chemical formulas and chemical reactions. Students will also be able to solve quantitative problems through the use of specific chemistry-related math skills.

Recommendations for placement in Chemistry–Honors (331) or Chemistry–College Preparatory (332) are based, in part, on students’ achievement on a mathematics diagnostic test given in February.

Chemistry 331 Honors Grades 10, 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

This course is for the self-motivated student interested in pursuing a career in science, engineering, and medical fields. Content is presented at an advanced level and pace. Students in Honors Chemistry will explore the chemical and physical nature of matter, atomic structure, Periodic Table, chemical bonds, chemical nomenclature, stoichiometry, kinetic molecular theory, solutions, acids and bases, nuclear reactions, equilibrium, and kinetics. The laboratory experience directly supports the concepts introduced in the classroom. The language of chemistry is incorporated in class discussion and laboratory experiences. This course takes a traditional mathematical approach to chemistry and requires well-developed mathematical reasoning and skills. Students will experience greater success in the course if they are currently enrolled in Algebra II Honors.

Chemistry 332 College Preparatory Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

This course is an introduction to chemistry concepts for the college-bound student. Emphasis is placed on the qualitative concepts of chemistry, but includes some mathematical applications. The course takes an issues-based approach in the study of matter. Using a curriculum developed by the American Chemical Society, students will learn traditional chemistry concepts through investigations of real-world, societal issues. This course proceeds at a moderate pace. Students will engage in discussion and debate of chemistry-related social issues as well as developing proficiencies in fundamental laboratory techniques, including measurement, data collection and analysis, and the manipulation of laboratory apparatus. Grades in College Prep Chemistry will be based on daily homework, tests, quizzes, laboratory activities, and projects. Prerequisite: Students enrolled in Chemistry College Prep must have completed Algebra I with a grade of C or better.

Physics 341 Honors Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

This course is for the student who intends to pursue higher education in the sciences and/or engineering. The problem-solving approach emphasizes the application of physical science principles to real-life situations and requires a significant mathematics background. Course topics include the study of mechanics (kinematics and dynamics), forces, work, energy and waves (sound and light). Laboratory experiments and activities are integrated to allow the students to experience “the way physics works” as they study the concepts. Special topics from outside sources will supplement the class material. Each student is required to complete three design and construction projects in addition to the laboratory work. Frequent readings in contemporary issues are an integral part of the class. Successful completion of this course is required for enrollment in Physics AP. After completing this course, students will be able to quantitatively define/describe the dynamics between forces, work, and energy. Students will show proficiency in solving motion problems cinematically. Students will accurately analyze motion graphically. Students will show a working knowledge of waves and how they are related to the concepts of sound and light. Students will be able to show how the concepts studied are integrated into understanding the universe.
Historically, students who performed well in this course had successfully completed Geometry Honors and Algebra II Honors and were concurrently enrolled in Algebra III/Trigonometry or Pre-Calculus.

Physics 342 College Preparatory Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

This course is for the student who has interest in the physical sciences. A traditional presentation of the concept of motion, forces, work, power, energy, and waves (sound and light) is made with emphasis on problem-solving techniques. Although the approach is more qualitative than quantitative, a sound background in mathematics is necessary. To be successful, students should have completed Algebra II with a grade of C or better. Laboratory experiences are used to emphasize the concepts and allow students to become familiar with apparatus. Students are required to design and construct three projects. Outside readings are required to augment the class material.

After completing this course, students will be able to define/describe the dynamics of motion and demonstrate an ability to solve problems involving motion. Students will be able to show the interconnection of force, work, power, and energy. Students will be able to construct motion graphs and make conclusions from graphs of this type. Students will show a basic knowledge of waves and how sound and light behave as waves.

Human Anatomy and Physiology 363 Honors Grades 11,12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Anatomy and Physiology is the study of the structure and function of the human body. Students in this course will be exposed to the physiologic and morphologic underpinnings of the vertebrate body plan. Topics covered within this course include: movement and support (the muscular skeletal system), integration and coordination (the nervous system), processing and transport (the digestive and cardiovascular systems) and reproduction (form and function of the placental mammalian reproductive system). Students enrolled in the course will, by its completion, have gained an understanding of the major human organ systems and their respective roles in the maintenance of systemic homeostasis.

Students are expected to complete 3 short papers (500-750 words) each marking period on class-generated topics. In addition, students are required to complete two large research projects.

Requirements: Students electing this course are expected to have successfully completed Biology (H) and Chemistry (H) and should possess strong verbal and communication skills.

Human Anatomy and Physiology 362 College Preparatory Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Anatomy and Physiology is the study of the structure and the function of the human body. Topics of discussion include: movement and support, integration and coordination, processing and transport and reproduction. At the conclusion of the course students will: develop an appreciation of the form and function of the human body and gain an understanding of the role each organ system plays in the homeostasis of the human organism.

Students are expected to complete five outside readings each marking term. Students are also required to complete one major research project.

Students electing this course should have successfully completed Biology and should possess strong verbal and communication skills.

Behavioral Science 352 College Preparatory Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Behavioral science examines and compares animal and human behavior. Both biological and environmental influences on behavior will be studied. Topics will include innate vs. learned behaviors, communication, predator/prey relations, social behavior, courtship and mating strategies, migration, dominance and territoriality, and rhythmic behaviors. After completing this course, students will be able to:
· Demonstrate an understanding of both how and why an organism behaves as it does (biology vs. environment)
· Design and carry out labs that will examine various behaviors discussed in class
· Analyze data in order to write formal lab reports
· Provide routine care and maintenance of animals us in the course

Students will be required to write four research papers, and complete a human behavior field experiment using a topic approved by the instructor. Students enrolling in this course should have successfully completed a course in biology.

Ecology 361 College Preparatory Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Ecology is the study of the interrelationships existing in the environment. Students will examine many of the fresh water and terrestrial ecosystems that exist in New England, with an emphasis on the local environment. Laboratory activities, within and outside the classroom, act as a core for the curriculum. Topics include: water resources, energy, population dynamics, and the effect of humans on the environment. Students in ecology are expected to complete a variety of projects from mapping river drainage systems to plotting possible groundwater contaminants in Franklin. Weekly outside reading assignments of articles germane to the topic are required. Research papers on flora and fauna complete the course of ecology. Students on completion of Ecology will be better equipped to understand and solve future environmental problems.

Biology AP 320 Advanced Placement Grade 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

The Biology AP course is designed to be the equivalent of an introductory college Biology course. Its aim is to provide students with the conceptual framework, factual knowledge, and analytical skills necessary to deal critically with the rapidly changing science of biology. This course teaches an understanding of concepts, science as a process, scientific inquiry methods and the application of biological knowledge and critical thinking to environmental and social concerns. The major themes in this course include: science as a process; evolution; energy transfer; continuity and change; relationship of structure to function; regulation; interdependence in nature; and science, technology and society.

The AP program mandates twelve labs, and several additional experiences are included to increase proficiency in the required labs. Lab work is designed to develop skills such as detailed observation, accurate recording, experimental design, manual manipulation, lab safety, data interpretation, statistical analysis, and operation of technical equipment. Laboratory experiences are a major component of the AP Biology program and constitute approximately one third of the course credit. Students are expected to take the Advanced Placement Examination in Biology, which may result in college credit and/or advanced placement.

Students who enroll in this course must have attained a minimum grade of B+ in Honors Biology and Honors Chemistry. They should also have a keen interest in the biological sciences and complete a summer reading assignment.

Prerequisite: Refer to information and requirements on pages six and seven.

Chemistry AP 330 Advanced Placement Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Advanced Placement Chemistry is the equivalent of a general chemistry course taken during the first college year. The theoretical aspects of chemistry are explored with emphasis on mathematical modeling. The major topics include Kinetic Molecular Theory, Structure of Matter, Kinetics, Equilibrium and Thermodynamics.

Students must be self-motivated and well organized with good time management skills. The course requires students to spend at least five hours per week in independent study. Students electing this course must complete a summer requirement including basic problem solving strategies and atomic structure. To enroll in AP Chemistry, students should have completed or be enrolled in Pre-Calculus.

Prerequisite: Refer to information and requirements on page six.

Physics AP 340 Advanced Placement Grade 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Physics AP is a second year course for students who are expressly interested in pursuing a college major in the physical sciences or engineering. Students must have successfully completed Physics Honors and must be enrolled in Calculus. The course provides an in-depth study of classical mechanics, with a focus on advanced problem-solving and applications of the calculus. Students will be prepared for and are expected to take the Advanced Placement Examination in Physics given in May. Summer reading is required, and extensive homework will be required during the school year.

Prerequisite: Refer to information and requirements on pages six and seven.

Environmental Science AP 360 Advanced Placement Grade 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

This course is designed to provide students with the scientific principles, concepts, and methodologies required to understand interrelationships within the natural world, to identify and analyze environmental problems both natural and human-made, to evaluate the relative risks associated with these problems, and to examine alternative solutions for resolving and/or preventing them. Upon completion of the this course, students will understand the interdependence of Earth’s systems, human population dynamics, renewable and nonrenewable resources, environmental quality, global changes and their consequences, and issues and decision making concerned with the environment and society. Students will complete at least three outside research projects/papers and are required to take the advanced placement exam in May.
Prerequisite: Refer to information and requirements on pages six and seven.

Advanced Scientific Research 301 Honors Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

This course is an intensive study into the methodology of advanced scientific research. Course participants will be required to implement a set original scientific investigation. Through lecture, extensive outside reading (including summer readings), experiments and intensive modeling projects students will gain key insight into the process of scientific inquiry and experimentation. ASR is designed for those whose career goals are scientific research and/or advanced scientific study. Students will be exposed to many of the classic experiments of scientific history including the works of Darwin, Gould, Fermi, Green and Wilson. A key component of this course will be the design and implementation of an original longitudinal research project. Student success will be based on careful and exacting project design and presentation, development of extensive scientific knowledge base, and oral presentation and examination.

Introduction to Electricity (AC/DC Theory) 302 Honors Grades 11, 12
303 College Preparatory Grades 11, 12
Full Year 5.0 credits

This course introduces students to the physics principles and history of the development of current electricity and electrostatics. It will be taught utilizing classroom activities as well as laboratory and library research projects to help students gain an understanding of electricity and is designed for any student who has an interest in the field of electricity or electronics. Students will study the principles of alternating current and direct current and the application of these principles in everyday life.

Prerequisite: Students must have successfully completed or be currently enrolled in Algebra II.

Information: This is the first course in a two-year sequence. The second year will concentrate on digital electronics and is particularly useful for students contemplating further study in electricity, electronics or engineering. Based on the course level the student selects, there will be a variation in projects and different expectations for grading.


Intro. to Electronics: 307 Honors Grade 12
Digital Electronics 308 College Preparatory Grade 12 Full Year 5.0 Credits

This course is the second of a two-course sequence designed as a complement to the Introduction to Electricity course. It will be taught utilizing classroom and laboratory projects to allow students to gain an understanding of basic digital electronics. It is primarily designed for the student who has an interest in electricity and electrical devices.

Prerequisites: Students will have successfully completed (C or better) the first course in the sequence, Introduction to Electricity (AC/DC Theory).

Pre-requisite: Students should have completed or be enrolled in Algebra III/Trigonometry.

Information: The course is designed to be particularly useful to students contemplating further study and/or employment in engineering or electronics fields. Course requirements and grading expectations will vary according to the course level chosen by the student.

Engineering the Future 370 Honors Grade 12
Full Year 5.0 Credits

Engineering the Future is a capstone course for seniors. Through hands-on activities, students will apply what they have learned in science, mathematics, social studies, and other disciplines to solve technological problems while learning about the roles of engineers in society. The course also examines how people, as consumers and citizens, influence technological advancement. The major topics of study are Design and Manufacturing, Thermal and Fluid Systems, Electrical Systems and Communications, and Construction and Integrated Systems.
Enrollment guidelines: A minimum grade of B+ in the previous three science and mathematics courses.

12188  
Updated: Mar 6, 2005  



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