Chapter 10 Study Guide

Where and to whom did God deliver the Ten Commandments?

What was the Exodus?

What was the covenant between the Jews and God?

What did King David do to help the Israelites?

What did Solomon do to help the Israelites?

Why were the Israelites defeated by the Babylonians some time after Solomon’s death?

Who put together the Torah?

What is the significance of the Torah?

What did the Maccabees do?

At the time of the birth of Jesus, the Jewish homeland was ruled by what country?

Who were the Zealots?

What is a parable?

What was Masada?

What are the key similarities of Judaism and Christianity?

What are the key differences between Judaism and Christianity?

What two books continue to guide Jewish traditions?

A synagogue is used as a place of ________________________________________?

What was the Resurrection?

What is a disciple?

Why did a Roman governor order Jesus to be crucified?

Into what religion was Jesus born?

When and where was Jesus born?

What are the key ideas of the Sermon on the Mount?

What is monotheism?

Describe the deeds and importance of Moses.

Social Studies

Lesson 1 Chap 10 notes

1.Explain the beliefs of the Israelites. –Only one true god (monotheism)

-Idea new to ancient world

-believed in and read the Torah

2. What is monotheism? -belief in only one god

- (opposite of polytheism)

3. Explain the history of Biblical Times - found in Torah

- tells history of Israelites through the

1200’s B.C.

- when bible stories happened

- contained central religious teachings

of Judaism

4.Describe the origins of the Israelites - Genesis first book in Torah

- God commanded a shepherd named

Abraham to move to Canaan in

1900 B.C.

- he said “ Go forth from your native

land and from your father’s house to

land that I will show you. I will

make of you a great nation. “

5. Describe the land of the Israelites - Canaan was a small area

- was important for trading routes ,

marketing place , and battlefield

- lay in path for expansion of Egypt

- fertile plains, grassy slopes, rocky

hills and deserts

6. Who was Moses? - a strong leader

- God armed him with special powers

to persuade Egyptian ruler to free

Israelites

- chosen to be leader in 1200 B.C.

- led away Israelites away from Egypt

7. Describe the accomplishments - was Israelite’s leader

of Moses - parted the Red Sea

- with power from God, delivered the 10 plagues to Egypt

- freed Israelites from slavery

-had powers from God

8. Describe the Exodus of the - took 40 years

- escaping from slavery in Egypt

Israelites from Egypt. - Egypt to Canaan

- celebrate the remembrance of the

Exodus in Passover

- journey to the Promise land

- wilderness and desert separated the

Promised Land and Egypt

9. Explain the importance of the - part of the covenant with God

Ten Commandments - set of 10 laws that if followed lead

to happiness and peace

- carved on a stone

- Moses brought them down from

Mount Sinai

-laws of God’s kingdom

10. Describe the significance -each item of their meal stands for a

of Passover. part of the Exodus or the Jewish

history

- meal is called the Seder

- eaten once a year

11. Explain the covenant the Jews - special agreement that binds them to

had with God. God

- God promises to love and protect

Israelites

- Israelites agree to love God and

obey his laws known as the 10

Commandments

- Moses climbed to Mount Sinai

and God gave him the message

12. Explain the influence of Moses - had powers and influenced the

Pharaoh to let the Jews go

- became a powerful leader and

influenced future generations

Ch. 10 Biblical Times

Lesson 2 Notes

King David was the second king of the Israelites

Defeated Goliath

Governed for 40 years

United all tribes

Defeated Philistines

Captured Jerusalem and made it the capital

His dynasty lasted 400 years

David’s son, Solomon, enriched the empire by expanding trade and signing treaties with neighboring countries

Solomon's extravagant building program of temples, forts, and palaces didn’t please the people who were highly taxed or forced to work for free

Tribes revolted after Solomon's death

Northen section became known as Israel

Southern section, including Jerusalem was known as Judah

Both regions were defeated by outsiders

Prophets who interpreted the word of God said the Jews had no one to blame but themselves for forgetting God's laws - added that people could survive exile and someday return to the their homeland by again following God's laws

In 400's BC, Ezra collected the holy writings and put together the Torah

The Torah which literally means "instruction" is thought to be the actual words of God and speak of his will for humanity

As the Israelites suffered in exile or under foreign rule, they began to hope for the "anointed one" or messiah, the one who would free them from enslavement and bring forth universal peace & justice

A tribe of Israelites known as the Maccabees revolted against Syria in 146 BC and recaptured Jersalem and redicated the mighty temple built by David. The annual celebration of this important event is known as Chanukah.

Ch. 10

Lesson 3

There are several vocabulary words listed on page 315. Please be sure to know them.

How are Christianity and Judaism related?

Christianity grew out of the Jewish tradition

Jesus and his original followers were Jews

Both groups believe in the Ten Commandments and the Old Testament

Both religions are monotheistic

Both believe in a Messiah, God’s anointed one sent to save humanity

Both believe that God created the world and controls nature

In what ways does Christianity differ from Judaism?

Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah (Christ is the Greek word for messiah)

Jews believe the Messiah has yet to come, but will come some day

Jews celebrate different holidays

Rosh Hashanah = creation of the world

Chanukah = rededication of the temple

Passover = exodus of Jews from Israel

Shavuot = revelation to Moses of the Ten Commandments

Christians celebrate different holidays

Christmas = birth of Jesus

Good Friday = crucifixion of Jesus

Easter = Resurrection of Jesus

Pentecost = descent of Holy Spirit

Who was Jesus?

The birth of Jesus was foretold about 2,000 years ago

Jesus was born in Nazareth to Mary and Joseph

Jesus was raised a Jew

Jesus put a special focus on the two rules in the Torah

“Love the Lord your God”

“Love your neighbor as yourself”

Jesus preached that his father, God, had power over all creation and would win the final victory against evil

The Sermon on the Mount was one of his most famous sermons and stated that the poor in spirit will find comfort in the kingdom of heaven along with the righteous who are persecuted because of their beliefs and actions, the merciful, the peaceful, the meek, those pure in heart, those who hunger, and those who mourn.

Jesus went on the preach that God’s gift of salvation offered eternal life to those who renounce sin.

The first four books of the New Testament are known as the Gospels and speak of the teachings of Jesus and relate stories of his many miracles.

Though not all Jews believed in the teachings of Jesus, those who did considered him to be their leader.

Roman rulers became troubled by the popularity of Jesus; they felt he could lead a revolt against Roman rule.

In 33 AD, Jesus was arrested after celebrating a Passover meal with his 12 disciples. Pontius Pilate, a Roman governor, later sentenced him to death.

He was nailed to a cross and left to die.

He rose from the dead three days later. This event is known as the Resurrection.

The followers of Jesus became convinced that Jesus was the Son of God. They set out to spread the gospel or “good news” about Jesus and his teachings.

On a day known as the Pentecost, Jesus’ disciples were filled with the Holy Spirit and thousands of people began following the new religion known as Christianity.

The Jewish Revolt of the First Century.

Jesus was one of many Jews who were executed to keep Jews form revolting

In 66 A.D., a group of Jews – Zealots – drove out the Romans for a while

It took 60,000 Roman troops five months to defeat 25,000 Jewish troops during a battle for control of Jerusalem

Three years later, the Great Revolt was over when the Romans stormed a fort in Judean desert. The ruins of Masada remain today.

Many Jews were taken to other parts of the Roman world to work as slaves

Many Jewish settlements scattered. Their forced displacement is known as diaspora.

The Jewish Legacy

The Jews kept their religion by staying true to the Torah

Rabbis taught the Torah to the people

This new type of Judaism became known as rabbinic Judaism because of the importance of the rabbi, the teacher of the Torah

Jews built many synagogues a place for religious worship and social gatherings

In 200 A.D., all the oral traditions from the time of Moses were written down and titled Mishnah.

The Mishnah, plus its commentaries make up the Talmud.

Today, the Torah and Talmud continue to guide Jewish traditions