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Alexander the Great His Rise/ His Accomplishments
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Chapter 30 Alexander the Great and His Influence What did as conquered 334B.C. – 326 B.C. Tyre *_____________________________________________ Egypt * ____________________________________________ Persepolis * ____________________________________________ Khyber Pass * ____________________________________________ Fighting King Darius *_____________________________________________ Hyphasis River * soldiers wouldn’t go on---rain/ heat beaten • ___________________________________________ How Alexander left a legacy and so made a difference empire * gianormous but disintegrated when died in new conquered lands * colonies with new copycat Greek cities *_____________________________________________ * dressed ______________________________________ * _____________________________________________ *spread Greek (3)________________________________ *_____________________________________________ *____________________________________________ *_____________________________________________ Museum of Alexandrea * scholars:_____________________________________ * _____________________________________________ * _____________________________________________ After Alex’sdeath * _____________________________________________ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Campaign “hot spots” • Tyre—a crucial Persian naval base Tyre – an island off the cost of present-day Lebanon • Egypt founded city, Alexandria, at mouth of Nile • Persian empire looted and destroyed capital—Persepolis • India HOW DID ALEXANDER SPREAD GREEK CULTURE? • established Greek-like colonies • built Greek-like cities • left behind Greeks to rule conquered lands • made Persians feel Greek rule okay • Greek language spoken • Greek gods worshiped • Greek literature read / enjoyed The HELLENISTIC AGE, which Alexander created, had a special "culture": art & culture mix of Persian + Greek • Greek wisdom spread through science, art, literature, philosophy • Greek way of life IN cities "lived" in the cities • Heart of Greek culture relocated--so SWITCHED from Athens to Alexandria, Egypt • Museum at Alexandria intellectual center—all the “brains” of the world came for 7 centuries dominated as the "brain center" of the world • Library at Alexandria Greek and non-Greek scrolls (books not made yet) ---------------------------------------------------------------- Video “Ancient Warriors—Macedonia 6:26 Discovery Channel / History Channel THE NOTES ARE BROKEN INTO THE FOUR TIMED SEGMENTS! ancient warriors Macedonians 6:25Ancient Warriors (play all) The Macedonians - Discovery Channel -Ancient Warriors 1 of 4 (6:25) The Macedonians - Discovery Channel -Ancient Warriors 2 of 4 (6:19) The Macedonians - Discovery Channel -Ancient Warriors 3 of 4 (6:16) The Macedonians - Discovery Channel -Ancient Warriors 4 of 4 (6:19) Father, Phillip II—influence o dreamed of empire so unite Greek city-states by force o greatest general in history so great teacher carry on war year round so no time to repair or recover move quickly— banned supply wagons live off land o demonstrated how to “mold a nation” by a mix of MARRIAGE / DIPLOMACY / BRIBERY / FORCE o drill relentlessly for combat o service in army—a way to a better life whether rich or poor o varied offensive weapons:  archers slingers javelin throwers Education Military __soldiers ___weapons ___tactics ----------------------------------- 6:19 # 2 Video “Ancient Warriors—Macedonia EDUCATION o teenage son commanded 2000 men-- Military __soldiers ___weapons ___tactics o infantry practiced skills throughout the day o calvary rode in wedgelike formation –formidable like phalanx so drive enemy apart by hitting weakest part o infantry—used sarissa—pike 20 feet long with foot long blade when in phalanx formation o no need for heavy armor as long as phalanx not broken—so did not cost as much o first and last rows in phalanx only needed heavy armor o infantry phalanx punch hole in enemy’s lines then calvary drove wedge through o used well-rehearsed trap to deceive—pulling back like a retreat ---------------------------- 6:16 #3 Video “Ancient Warriors—Macedonia Father’s influence Father murdered so took up dream of conquering Persia Military __soldiers ___weapons ___tactics o (3:17) Made leather boats out of tents to cross river o at night marched to avoid desert sun o built two siege towers as high as walls of Tyre.. –made of leather and returned fire o built artillery weapons—tension created from strips of leather Campaigns—journey o city after city fell o Persians deserted and joined Alexander’s army o city of Tyre—off coast of Lebanon in Mediterranean Sea engineers made a causeway 220 feet wide extending to fortress used trees and drove rows of trunks in channel and between trunks set stones two towers as high as walls of Tyre.. –made of leather -------------------------------- 6:19 Video “Ancient Warriors—Macedonia Military __soldiers ___weapons ___tactics o Seige for six months o show no mercy—8000 executed; 30,000 sold into slavery o iron rams to break down thick walls o Greatest army ever Campaigns—journey o India had had enough and stopped and Cinus speaking for soldiers asked Alexander to turn back o Greatest army ever o Conquered lands to become largest empire in world o traveled farther than any other army ___________________________________________________________________ Video segments found on YOU TUBE TYPE IN for search Alexander the Great Find the videos of these lengths Greece - Age of Alexander the Great 1/6 (9:27) Greece - Age of Alexander the Great 2/6 (9:17) Greece - Age of Alexander the Great 3/6 (9:31) Greece - Age of Alexander the Great 4/6 (7 video—you tube Alexander the Great 9:29 Father, Phillip II—influence o unified army into most respected military machine o created alliances o made army a fulltime occupation o engineering technology o invites city-states after defeating them to join him o Had court spoke Greek!! Education --learned Greek language --taught by Greek teachers ***Aristotle--THE BEST!!!! philosophy, math, science Military—engineering technology __soldiers ___weapons ___tactics o combined calvary with infantry and had great speed o phalanx used sarissa o belly shooter far more force than bow and arrow o tortion catapult ¼ range distance!!! skin penetrator –went through skin -------------------------------------- video—you tube Alexander the Great 9:31 Father, Phillip II—influence o assassinated but dream of defeating Persian carried on by Alexander o marriage had been strategy to build empire o created a mighty army Military—engineering technology __soldiers ___weapons ___tactics o lead military machine of 30,000 into battle against Persians—super power o multi-storied armored car on wheels  fire-proofed by leather covering  central staircase  catapult launcher  battering ram  wheel up to wall and try to kill defender Campaigns—journey o tried diplomacy for example at Tyre, but messenger killed and thrown into sea o neutralize navy by laying siege to each Persian naval base o Create causeway to bring war to island—Tyre o Turned south to Palestine and went to Egypt  breadbasket of the Mediterranean—wheat fields could feed growing empire  welcomed and made god and crowned pharaoh at age 24 years ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND EFFECTS OF CONQUERING o 3000 mile border expansion –to India LEGACY o Greek cities sprung up o spread Greek culture, language, learning o spread Greek engineering o left soldiers behind to be administrators and marry local women o accommodation and assimulation o conquered cities transformed into Greek cities o cities planned by engineers to be like a “grid” =================================================================== 7:59 o New cities built based on a grid plan" —no more winding alley ways Over ten cities "built" and all named ALEXANDRIA |
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Mrs. Garske 
Ancient Warriors of Macedonia Part 2 
Writing Standards 
Ch. 5 