|
Earth and Space Science |
|
Heat Transfer in the Earth System |
3. Differentiate among radiation,
conduction, and convection, the three
mechanisms by which heat is transferred
through the earth’s system. |
4. Explain the relationship among the energy
provided by the sun, the global patterns
of atmospheric movement, and the
temperature differences among water,
land, and atmosphere. |
|
The Earth in the Solar System |
8. Recognize that gravity is a force that pulls
all things on and near the earth toward
the center of the earth. Gravity plays a
major role in the formation of the planets,
stars, and solar system and in determining
their motions. |
9. Describe lunar and solar eclipses, the
observed moon phases, and tides. Relate
them to the relative positions of the earth,
moon, and sun. |
10. Compare and contrast properties and conditions
of objects in the solar system (i.e.,
sun, planets, and moons) to those on Earth
(i.e., gravitational force, distance from the
sun, speed, movement, temperature, and
atmospheric conditions). |
11. Explain how the tilt of the earth and its
revolution around the sun result in an
uneven heating of the earth, which in turn
causes the seasons. |
12. Recognize that the universe contains
many billions of galaxies, and that each
galaxy contains many billions of stars. |
|
Life Science |
|
Living Things and Their Environment |
13. Give examples of ways in which organisms
interact and have different functions
within an ecosystem that enable the
ecosystem to survive. |
|
Energy and Living Things |
14. Explain the roles and relationships among
producers, consumers, and decomposers
in the process of energy transfer in a food
web. |
15. Explain how dead plants and animals are
broken down by other living organisms
and how this process contributes to the
system as a whole. |
16. Recognize that producers (plants that contain
chlorophyll) use the energy from sunlight
to make sugars from carbon dioxide
and water through a process called photosynthesis.
This food can be used immediately,
stored for later use, or used by other
organisms. |
|
Changes in Ecosystems Over Time |
17. Identify ways in which ecosystems have
changed throughout geologic time in
response to physical conditions, interactions
among organisms, and the actions
of humans. Describe how changes may be
catastrophes such as volcanic eruptions
or ice storms. |
|
Physical
Science |
|
Properties of Matter |
1. Differentiate between weight and mass,
recognizing that weight is the amount of
gravitational pull on an object. |
2. Differentiate between volume and mass.
Define density. |
3. Recognize that the measurement of volume
and mass requires understanding of the
sensitivity of measurement tools
(e.g., rulers, graduated cylinders, balances)
and knowledge and appropriate use of
significant digits. |
|
Motion of Objects |
11. Explain and give examples of how the
motion of an object can be described by its
position, direction of motion, and speed. |
12. Graph and interpret distance vs. time
graphs for constant speed. |
|
Forms of Energy |
13. Differentiate between potential and kinetic
energy. Identify situations where kinetic
energy is transformed into potential energy
and vice versa. |
|
Heat Energy |
14. Recognize that heat is a form of energy and
that temperature change results from
adding or taking away heat from a system. |
15. Explain the effect of heat on particle
motion through a description of what happens
to particles during a change in phase. |
16. Give examples of how heat moves in predictable
ways, moving from warmer objects
to cooler ones until they reach equilibrium. |
