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Accommodations & Modifications Fact Sheet

Accommodations and modifications are types of adaptations that are made to the environment, curriculum, instruction, or assessment practices in order for students with disabilities to be successful learners and to participate actively with other students in the general education classroom and in school-wide activities.

Accommodations are changes in how a student accesses information and demonstrates learning. Accommodations do not substantially change the instructional level, content, or performance criteria. The changes are made in order to provide a student with equal access to learning and equal opportunity to show what he or she knows and can do. Accommodations can include changes in the following:

presentation and/or response format and procedures

instructional strategies

time/scheduling

environment

equipment

architecture

Modifications are changes in what a student is expected to learn. The changes are made to provide a student opportunities to participate meaningfully and productively along with other students in classroom and school learning experiences. Modifications include changes in the following:

instructional level

content

performance criteria

Examples

The following are some examples of accommodations and modifications that can be provided in the general education classroom. Note: This is not a complete list. The IEP team determines accommodations and modifications that meet the unique and individual needs of the student.

Accommodations:

test taken orally

large print textbooks

additional time to take test

a locker with an adapted lock

weekly home-school communication tool, such as a notebook or daily log book

peer support for note taking

lab sheets with highlighted instructions

graph paper to assist in organizing and lining up math problems

use of a computer for writing

Modifications:

an outline in place of essay for major project

Picture Communication Symbols (PCS) choices on tests

alternative books or materials on the same theme or topic

spelling support from a computerized spell check program

word bank of choices for answers to test questions

use of a calculator on a math test

film or video supplements in place of text

questions re-worded using simpler language

projects substituted for written reports

important words and phrases highlighted

Deciding which accommodations and/or modifications to use is an individualized process that depends on the assignment and the needs of the individual student. When the appropriate adaptations are made, the student can have true access to the general education curriculum.

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